Administrator Clintox - One

What are the most common presenting symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning? According to the cited source, “symptoms of acute carbon monoxide poisoning include weakness, dizziness, dyspnea, nausea or vomiting, confusion, blurred vision or loss of consciousness. If exposure was overnight at home, then numerous family…

Historical QOD 4/15/09: The bite of the brown recluse spider may result in a necrotizing lesion. The terms “loxoscelism”, “necrotic arachnidism”, or “gangrenocutaneous arachnidism” have been used to describe the clinical effects of envenomation from this spider. The clinical effects related to the bite include…

Drug toxicity or therapeutic failure can occur if transgender patients receive medication doses inconsistent with their current physiology. According to a recent article on drug dosing in transgender patients, how should creatinine clearance and ideal body weight calculations be determined for patients on hormone therapy?…

Which neurological structure is most commonly affected in metronidazole induced encephalopathy (MIE)? Cerebellar dentate nuclei Sørensen CG, Karlsson WK, Amin FM, Lindelof M. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: a systematic review. J Neurol. 2020 Jan;267(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s00415-018-9147-6. Epub 2018 Dec 7. PMID: 30536109

What is “dry hitting” and what is the suspected cause of cytotoxicity from “dry hitting” e-cigarettes? The term “dry hitting” (also known as “dry puffing” or “dry-wicking”) refers to using a refillable e-cigarettes when the tanks are in a low volume state, thus, creating additional…

What is the proposed mechanism by which red ginseng prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy? In an animal model, Yoshikawa N et al. found that red ginseng increased antioxidant activity and inhibited cell death via activation of Nrf2 pathway. Yoshikawa N, Hirata N, Kurone Y, Shimoeda S. Red…

Historical QOD 4/14/09: Understanding that precise numbers are nearly impossible to ascertain, approximately how many venomous snake bites are reported worldwide on an annual basis? We do not know precise figures for global snakebite epidemiology, but best estimates suggest there are more than 2.5 million…

Which clinical marker of bupropion toxicity showed statistical significance with the association of the development of adverse outcomes, such as seizures? Tachycardia was documented in 100% of patients who developed adverse outcomes, with a majority of patients developing tachycardia within 8 hours of arrival. The…

In a recent California-based study examining substance-associated emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations from 2016 to 2022, which substance showed the most significant change and relative rise in ED visits and hospitalizations: hallucinogens, alcohol, or cannabis? From 2016 to 2022, investigators observed the highest increase…

According to a recent review, what is considered the main mechanism of cadmium toxicity? Although the mechanism is not entirely understood, autophagy dysfunction is one of the main mechanisms for cadmium-induced cytotoxicity affecting the kidneys, liver, lungs, reproductive system, and nervous system. Shao Y, Zheng…